Netherland is the European contribution to the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which is formed by Netherlands, Netherlands Antilles, and Aruba. The Netherlands is a constitutional monarchy, located in northwest Europe, with a population of approximately 16,500 people. Netherlands borders the North Sea, Belgium, and Germany. While the Netherlands is often incorrectly referred to as Holland, the provinces of north and south Holland are only two of the country's 12 provinces. Netherlands is one of the most densely populated, geographically low-lying countries of the world. The world Netherlands translates to low countries. Most of the world associates Netherlands with windmills, wooden shoes, dikes, tulips, bicycles, and most recently, social "tolerance." The country is host to the International Court of Justice at The Hague, and is monitored by the rest of the world because of its policies on drugs, prostitution, and euthanasia. While Amsterdam is the capital city, The Hague is the seat of government, the home of the monarch, and the location of most foreign embassies. Netherlands is not commonly used anymore; most refer to Netherland, unless referring to the entire Kingdom, (including Netherlands Antilles and Aruba). Many well-known painters have come from Netherlands, including Rembrandt van Rijn, Johannes Vermeer, and Jan Steen. Famous Dutch painters of the later centuries include Vincent van Gogh and Piet Mondriaan. M.C. Escher is a well-known graphic artist, and Willem de Kooning was born and trained in Rotterdam, although he is considered to have reached acclaim as an American artist. Somewhere mixed in this wonderful history lies Han van Meegeren, a famous Dutch Master art forger. Philosophers (Erasmus of Rotterdam, Descartes) and scientists have also come from the Netherlands. Christiaan Huygens discovered Saturn's moon Titan and invented the pendulum clock. In the Dutch Golden Age, literature flourished from Joost van den Vondel and PC Hooft, as the two most famous writers. In the 19th century, Multatuli wrote about the bad treatment of the natives in Dutch colonies. The book, Anne Frank's Diary of a Young Girl was published after she died in the Holocaust and translated from Dutch to all major languages. In addition, other newer authors include Harry Mulisch, Simon Vestdijk, Willem Frederik Hermans, and others. Replicas of buildings in the Netherlands can be found in Japan and China. A famous amusement park in the Netherlands is Efteling.

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